#include <cstdio>

int main() {
	freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);
	
	int T;
	for (scanf("%d", &T); T; --T) {
		int a, b;
		scanf("%d %d", &a, &b);
		printf("%d\n", b & 1);
	}
}