#include <fstream.h>

long a,b,t;
ifstream fin("fructe.in");
ofstream fout("fructe.out");

void citire()
{
  fin>>a>>b;
  fout<<b%2<<"\n";
}

int main()
{
   fin>>t;
    for (int i=0;i<t;i++)
       citire();
    fin.close();
    fout.close();
    return 0;
}