#include<stdio.h>
long long P,B;
int T;
int main()
{ freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
  freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
  scanf("%lld",&T);
  for(int i=1;i<=T;i++)
     { scanf("%lld %lld",&P,&B);
       if(B%2==0) printf("0\n");
       else printf("1\n");
     }
  fcloseall();
  return 0;
}