#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
	int P, B, T;
	
	freopen( "fructe.in", "r", stdin );
	freopen( "fructe.out", "w", stdout );

	for( scanf( "%d", &T ); T; T-- ) {
		scanf( "%d%d", &P, &B );
		printf( "%d\n", B%2 );
	}
	return 0;
}