#include <stdio.h>

long t,p,b;

int main(){
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    
    scanf("%ld",&t);
    for (;t;t--){
        scanf("%ld %ld",&p,&b);
        if (b%2)printf("1\n");
        else printf("0\n");
    }
    
    return 0;
}