#include<stdio.h>
long int t,i,p,b;
int main()
{
	FILE *f,*g;f=fopen("fructe.in","r");g=fopen("fructe.out","w");
	fscanf(f,"%ld",&t);
	for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
	{ fscanf(f,"%ld%ld",&p,&b);
	  fprintf(g,"%ld\n",b%2);
	}
	fcloseall();
	return 0;
}