#include <stdio.h>

int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in", "rt", stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out", "wt", stdout);
	int T;
	for (scanf("%d", &T); T; T--)
	{
		int A, B;
		scanf("%d %d", &A, &B);
		printf("%d\n", (B % 2));
	}
	return 0;
}