#include<stdio.h>
int main()
{
 freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
 freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
 long t,i,j,b,p,v[51];
 scanf("%ld",&t);
 for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
       {
	scanf("%ld%ld",&p,&b);
	if(b%2==1)v[i]=1;
	else if(b%2==0)v[i]=0;
       }
 for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
	printf("%ld\n",v[i]);
 fcloseall();
 return 0;
}