#include<stdio.h>
long p,b;
int i,t;
int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for(i=1;i<=t;++i)
		{
			scanf("%ld %ld",&p,&b);
			if(b%2) printf("1\n");
			else printf("0\n");
		}
	return 0;
}