#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    ifstream fin("fructe.in");
    ofstream fout("fructe.out");

    int p, b, T, i;

    fin>>T;
    for(i=1; i<=T; i++)
    {
        fin>>p>>b;
        if(b%2) fout<<1<<'\n';
        else fout<<0<<'\n';
    }

    return 0;
}