#include<fstream.h>
using namespace std;
ifstream f("fructe.in");
ofstream g("fructe.out");

int main()
{
    int t,i,p,b;
    f>>t;
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
                     f>>p>>b;
                     if(b%2==0)
                     g<<"0"<<"\n";
                     else
                     g<<"1"<<"\n";}
                     
    return 0;
}