#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    ifstream fin("fructe.in");
    ofstream fout("fructe.out");
    int t,p,b,i;
    fin>>t;
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++){
        fin>>p>>b;
        if(b%2==0)
            fout<<0<<"\n";
        else
            fout<<1<<"\n";
    }
    fin.close();
    fout.close();
    return 0;
}