#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;
ifstream fin("fructe.in");
ofstream fout("fructe.out");

int main()
{
    int t,p,b,i;
    fin>>t;
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
        fin>>p;fin>>b;
        if(b%2==0)
        fout<<0<<"\n";
        else fout<<1<<"\n";
    }

    fin.close();
    fout.close();
    return 0;
}