We assume the input for the problems contains distinct numbers.
1. Given an array A, build a heap out of it efficiently.

2. Given k sorted arrays of length n each. Describe an algorithm that merges them efficiently.

2. Given k sorted arrays of length n each, describe an algorithm that merges them efficiently.

3. Given an array A where each number is at most k spots away from it's spot in the sorted array, describe an efficient algorithm that returns the sorted array.
4. Given an array of n numbers, describe an efficient algorithm that prints out the smallest k numbers in the array.
5. A Young Tableau is a matrix where elements on each row or column appear in increasing order. Given a Young Tableau A, describe an efficient algorithm that returns the kth element of A.