#include <cstdio>

int main(){
	int p,b,t,i,j;
	
	scanf("%d", &t);
	
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	
	for(i=1;i<=t;++i){
		scanf("%d %d", &p, &b);
		
			
			if(b%2!=0) {printf("1\n");}
			else {printf("0\n");}
			
	
			
			
		
	}
}