program fructe;
var a,b,i,n:integer;
		f,g:text;
begin
assign(f,'fructe.in'); reset(f);
assign(g,'fructe.out'); rewrite(g);
read(f,n);
for i:=1 to n do
	begin
	readln(f,a,b);
	if b mod 2 =0 then writeln(g,0)
	else writeln(g,1);
	end;
close(f); close(g);
end.