#include <iostream>
#include <bitset>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;

int main()

{
    ifstream fin("fructe.in");
    ofstream fout("fructe.out");
    int i=1,t,p,b;
    fin>>t;
    while(i<=t){
    fin>>p>>b;
    if(b%2!=0)fout<<"1"<<endl;
    else if(b%2==0)fout<<"0"<<endl;
    i++;
    }
    return 0;
}