#include<stdio.h>


int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	
	long a,b;
	long T;
	scanf("%ld ",&T);
	for( long ii = 1; ii <= T; ++ii)
	{
		scanf("%ld %ld",&a,&b);
		printf("%ld\n",b%2);
	}
	
	
	return 0;
}